Industrial greenhouses support large-scale crop production. It controls climate for stable plant growth. Many facilities grow vegetables, fruits, and flowers. The greenhouse maintains temperature, humidity, and light. Typical production areas range from 5,000 m² to over 100,000 m². Controlled environments increase yield and quality. Many operators use greenhouses for year-round farming. Industrial systems reduce climate risks and improve efficiency. This structure supports modern agricultural demand.
Structural Framework and Materials of Industrial Greenhouses
The structure of industrial greenhouses is engineered to provide stability, durability, and precise environmental control for large-scale crop production. The primary load-bearing system usually adopts a steel structure due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. Hot-dip galvanized steel columns and trusses are commonly used. The zinc coating thickness often reaches 80–120 μm, which ensures a service life exceeding 20 years in humid environments.
The foundation system transfers greenhouse loads to the ground. Designers typically use reinforced concrete strip foundations or independent footings. These foundations resist vertical loads, wind uplift, and horizontal forces. In regions with strong winds, design wind loads often range from 0.5 to 0.8 kN/m². Proper anchoring bolts connect the steel columns to the foundation and improve overall stability. Typical column spacing ranges from 4 m to 8 m.
The roof structure usually adopts an arched or multi-span design. This configuration reduces wind resistance and allows efficient drainage. Roof structures resist wind speeds up to 70 km/h. Some designs resist 100 km/h. Common span widths range from 8 to 12 meters, while gutter heights are usually between 4 and 6 meters. Trusses or purlins support the covering materials and distribute loads evenly. The roof must also withstand snow loads, which can reach 0.3 to 0.5 kN/m² in cold regions.
The frame height supports air volume. Gutter height usually ranges from 4 m to 7 m. Ridge height often reaches 6 m to 9 m.
Covering Materials and Light Transmission of Industrial Greenhouses
Covering materials affect crop growth. Many industrial greenhouses use glass or plastic films. Float glass thickness often measures 4 mm. Glass light transmission reaches 88% to 91%. High transmission supports photosynthesis.
Plastic films include polyethylene sheets. Film thickness often ranges from 150 μm to 200 μm. Light transmission reaches 85% to 90%. UV-treated films last 3 to 5 years.
Some greenhouses use polycarbonate panels. Panel thickness often measures 8 mm to 10 mm. Light transmission reaches 80% to 85%. These panels improve insulation.
The covering also blocks harmful UV radiation. UV blocking protects plants and workers. Shading systems reduce light intensity. Shading screens reduce sunlight by 30% to 60%. Light control improves crop uniformity and yield.
Climate Control Systems of Industrial Greenhouses
Climate control defines industrial greenhouse performance. Temperature control remains critical. Many crops grow best between 18°C and 26°C. Heating systems maintain winter temperatures. Hot water boilers often provide 80°C supply water.
Cooling systems manage summer heat. Pad and fan systems reduce temperature by 8°C to 12°C. Ventilation fans move 30,000 to 50,000 m³/h. Roof vents also support air exchange.
Humidity control protects plant health. Ideal humidity often ranges from 60% to 80%. Dehumidification reduces fungal risks.
CO₂ enrichment improves growth. Many systems raise CO₂ levels to 800–1,200 ppm. This increase boosts photosynthesis by up to 30%.
Automated controllers manage climate. Sensors track temperature every minute. Precise control ensures stable growth conditions.
Internal Layout and Cultivation Systems
The internal layout supports efficient production. Many greenhouses divide space into growing bays. Each bay often measures 6 m to 9.6 m wide.
Cultivation systems vary by crop. Soil-based systems remain common. Hydroponic systems gain popularity. Growing gutters support vine crops. Gutter heights usually measure 0.6 m to 1.2 m. Adjustable systems improve ergonomics.
Irrigation systems supply nutrients. Drip irrigation delivers water at 2 to 4 liters per hour per plant. Nutrient solution EC often stays between 1.5 and 2.5 mS/cm.
The layout also includes service paths. Path widths usually range from 0.8 m to 1.2 m. Efficient layout reduces labor time.
Good Supplier Matters
These characteristics of industrial greenhouses put forward higher requirements for the design and component quality of the builders, and it has become very necessary to find a powerful provider.
Harbin Dong`an Building Sheets Company is leading manufacturer of steel structure in China. The company has more history over 40 years. Dongan Company has an experienced design team.Engineers can reasonably design the structure of the greenhouse based on years of project experience. While fully meeting the needs of customers, the problems that may be encountered during the transportation and installation of components are avoided to the maximum extent possible.
Dongan company attaches great importance to the quality of its products. Dongan sources steel from premium suppliers. They often use material from famous and high-grade brands. Dongan inspects every raw material batch rigorously. Only materials meeting international standards enter the production line.
At the same time, the company also has advanced production lines to ensure the quality and stable supply of steel components.The factory is equipped with laser cutting machines and 3D CNC drills, which can minimize errors in the processing of components.This ensures that each component can be installed smoothly, reducing installation time and possible future risks.
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